(2001) demonstrated that dreams that are more likely to be confused with reality are realistic, permeated with negative affect, and give rise to behavior in the waking state. Taken together, the above relationships appear to support our hypothesis that BPD patients are likely to experience DRC. Aragonés E., Salvador-Carulla L., López-Muntaner J., Ferrer M., Piñol J. L. (2011). Psychol., 15 September 2015

Dis. Moreover, individuals who are more likely to make cognitive mistakes are less likely to trust their cognitive skills (van Heugten – van der Kloet et al., 2014a); thus, they may be more responsive to suggestions from other people. 39, 489–498. Wenzel A., Chapman J. E., Newman F. C., Beck A. T., Brown G. K. (2006). Fleischer M., Schäfer M., Coogan A., Häßler F., Thome J. Research has found that there is a relationship between DRC and psychotic symptoms (e.g., Hempel et al., 2003), but the authors of the present paper have not been able to find any scientific studies on the relationship between DRC and borderline personality disorder (BPD).

(2013). Moreover, persons with BPD often engage in self-destructive behaviors and are at significant risk of suicide. J. Nerv. The variables that may lead to an increased tendency to experience DRC in patients with BPD were described in the preceding paragraphs. Psychiatry Rep. 11, 82–88. Res. Borderline Personal. Reality monitoring consists of two decision-making processes: (i) evaluation of whether the characteristics of a memory trace are more typical of memories of external events or memories generated internally; and (ii) evaluation based on present memory/knowledge, which is a more complex process and takes more time.

These cookies do not store any personal information. Increased delta power and discrepancies in objective and subjective sleep measurements in borderline personality disorder. J. Abnorm. Moreover, a study by Rassin et al. Furthermore, persons with BPD often suffer from various sleep disorders (Hafizi, 2013), and sleep disorders (for instance, nightmares) and unusual sleep experiences are related to dissociative symptoms and to DRC (Giesbrecht and Merckelbach, 2006; van Heugten – van der Kloet et al., 2014b). Sleep and dreaming in patients with borderline personality disorder: a polysomnographic study. (2000). (2013).

The results suggest that individuals exposed to severe traumatic events during childhood are more likely to develop dissociative symptoms.

Sedativehypnotic use in patients with borderline personality disorder and axis II comparison subjects. Patients with BPD also have more night awakenings than persons from a non-clinical population (Battaglia et al., 1993; La Fuente et al., 2001). The present theoretical analysis addresses the question of whether individuals with certain features of BPD may have difficulty distinguishing between dreams and reality.

doi: 10.1023/A:1021336103535, Selby, E. A., Ribeiro, J. D., and Joiner, T. E. Jr. (2013). Stressful life events as predictors of functioning: findings from the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study. This big problem may relate to a small section of your brain, a fold called the paracingulate sulcus. Disord. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.05.016. 8, 599–620. To try to explain the prevalence of nightmares in persons with BPD, we present two theories: a nightmare model proposed by Levin and Nielsen (2007), and the Emotional Cascade Model developed by Selby et al. In BPD, the biological sensitivity to emotional stimuli, heightened negative affect, and a slow return to emotional baseline are connected with difficulty in discriminating and labeling one’s own emotional states, initiating adequate coping strategies to manage these emotional states, and being able to reduce intense negative affective states.

doi: 10.1002/jclp.20244, Zanarini, M. C., Ruser, T., Frankenburg, F. R., and Hennen, J. The difficulty that BPD patients encounter in reality testing (Fiqueierdo, 2006) and their problems with metacognitive monitoring and metacognitive knowledge (Sharma and Singh, 2012) seem to be the only examples of cognitive disturbances that could lead to a higher probability of experiencing DRC, compared to people from non-clinical populations. Selby E. A., Ribeiro J. D., Joiner T. E., Jr. (2013).

Curr.

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